Abstract: The productive performance of pigs fed with solid-state fermented apple pomace (FAP) and an enzymatic complex (ENZ) was evaluated. Twenty-four Landrace x York (38.9 ± 3.6 kg) pigs were fed ad libitum with different diet treatments including FAP and ENZ: T0-0 (0 g kg−1 FAP - 0 g kg−1 ENZ), T0-1 (0 g kg−1 FAP + 1 g kg−1 ENZ), T50-0 (50 g kg−1 FAP + 0 g kg−1 ENZ), T50-1 (50 g kg−1 FAP + 1 g kg−1 ENZ), T100-0 (100 g kg−1 FAP + 0 g kg−1 ENZ) and T100-1 (100 g kg−1 FAP + 1 g kg−1 ENZ). Productivity; Feed intake, F:G ratio, Weight gain, return on investment by monetary unit (profitability Index, PI) and carcass traits; Carcass dressing percent and primary cuts, were evaluated. Data were analyzed according to the randomized complete block design. Productivity and feeding characteristics were not affected by FAP or ENZ (p > 0.05). Hot dressing percent was affected by ENZ (p = 0.0497). T100-0 and T100-0 showed similar (p > 0.05) value to T0-0. Primary cut yield was not negatively affected (p > 0.05). The best PI was obtained with T50-0 in growing phase. FAP improved Pl only in growing phase and ENZ combined with FAP showed variant PI. Results showed that FAP may be considered as a suitable option for feeding pigs because it maintains animal productivity.

Resumen: El comportamiento productivo de cerdos alimentados con bagazo de manzana fermentado en estado sólido (FAP) y un complejo enzimático (ENZ) fue evaluado. En el experimento se utilizaron 24 cerdos Landrace x York (38.9 ± 3.6 kg), se alimentaron ad libitum con diferentes dietas de tratamiento incluyendo FAP y ENZ; T0-0 (0 g kg−1 FAP - 0 g kg−1 ENZ), T0-1 (0 g kg−1 FAP + 1 g kg−1 ENZ), T50-0 (50 g kg−1 FAP + 0 g kg−1 ENZ), T50-1 (50 g kg−1 FAP + 1 g kg−1 ENZ), T100-0 (100 g kg−1 FAP + 0 g kg−1 ENZ) and T100-1 (100 g kg−1 FAP + 1 g kg−1 ENZ). Se evaluó la productividad; consumo de alimento, conversión alimenticia, ganancia de peso, índice de rentabilidad (PI) y características de la canal; rendimiento en canal y rendimiento en cortes primarios. Los datos fueron analizados considerando un diseño en bloques completamente al azar. La productividad y las características de alimentación no fueron afectadas por FAP o ENZ (p > 0.05). El rendimiento en canal caliente se afectó por ENZ (p = 0.0497). Los tratamientos T100-0, T50-0 y T0-0 fueron similares (p > 0.05). El rendimiento en cortes primarios no fue afectado negativamente (p > 0.05). El mejor PI fue obtenido para T50-0 en la fase de crecimiento. FAP mejoró el PI únicamente en la fase de crecimiento y la combinación con ENZ mostró un PI variante. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que FAP puede ser considerado como una opción adecuada para alimentar cerdos y mantener su productividad.

ABSTRACT The objective of the current study was to evaluate performance, blood parameters, and carcass yield of broilers supplemented with Mexican oregano oil. A total of 162 one-day-old broilers were randomly distributed into three dietary treatments: control diet (without oregano oil or antibiotic); control diet + 0.25 g kg−1 of oxytetracycline; and control diet + 0.4 g kg−1 of Mexican oregano oil. Treatment with organ oil had positive effects on body weight at 35 and 42 days. Feed intake was significantly different at 21 and at 1-42 days; control treatment presented the highest feed intake at 28 and 35 days, while treatment with oxytetracycline had the lowest feed intake from 21 to 42 days. Weekly body weight gain was different at 42 days, in which treatment with oregano oil was the highest and control the lowest. Feed efficiency rate was significantly different at 42 and at 1-42 days; treatment with oxytetracycline and treatment with oregano oil had the best values over control treatment. Blood parameters were found different among treatments, in which treatment with oregano oil was the highest in cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein at 42 days. Carcass and blood biometric variables were not different among treatments. The amount of 0.4 g kg−1 of Mexican oregano oil in diets improves high-density lipoprotein, body weight, and feed efficiency rate of broiler chickens.

Abstract: The objective was to evaluate the effects of Mexican oregano oil (AOM, Poliomintha longiflora Gray) on the productivity variables, blood profile, sacrifice and quality of rabbit meat. Forty New Zealand rabbits, 30 d old and non-sexed, were randomly distributed between two treatments: CON (commercial diet) and AOM (CON + AOM at 0.40 g kg−1). No statistical differences (p > 0.05) were found on the productivity variables, hematological biometry or sacrifice, whereas the cholesterol content and low density lipoproteins were different between treatments (p < 0.05), unlike the triglycerides and the low and high density lipoproteins. The pH, humidity, and ashes of the meat presented differences (p < 0.05) between treatments. The Mexican oregano oil at 0.40 g kg−1 in diets influences the blood characteristics and the quality of the rabbit meat.

Resumen: El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto del aceite de orégano mexicano (AOM, Poliomintha longiflora Gray) sobre variables productivas, perfil sanguíneo, sacrificio y calidad de carne de conejos. Cuarenta conejos Nueva Zelanda de 30 d de edad, no sexados, fueron distribuidos al azar en dos tratamientos: CON (dieta comercial), y AOM (CON + AOM a 0.40 g kg−1). En las variables productivas, biometría hemática y sacrificio no se encontraron diferencias estadísticas (p > 0.05), mientras que el contenido de colesterol y lipoproteínas de baja densidad fueron diferentes entre tratamientos (p < 0.05), no así los triglicéridos y lipoproteínas de alta y muy baja densidad. El pH, humedad y cenizas de la carne tuvieron diferencias (p < 0.05) entre tratamientos. El aceite de orégano mexicano a 0.40 g kg−1 en dietas, influye en las características sanguíneas y calidad de la carne de conejos.

Mexican orégano oil (AO; Lippia berlandieri Schauer) is an extract natural source. The aim of this work was the evaluation of the effect on the variables of slaughter, cutting and dissected of the carcass of broiler chickens fed with diets added with AO. One hundred sixty two (162) 1 d oíd broiler chickens (Ross) were used; they were placed in cages (30 x 33 x 44 cm) with two chicks each (nine cages per treatment) and randomly assigned with a factorial arrangement 3²; AOC, orégano oil based on Carvacrol (60.0 %), and AOT, orégano oil based on Thymol (40.0 %). Both AO were tested at levels of 0, 400, and 800 mg L-1. Treatment 800-00 ¡ncreased (p < 0.05) body weight (2.25 kg), 800-800 hot carcass weight and coid, while that the viscera content was decreased (p < 0.05); leg and back were higher (p < 0.05) at 400-400, hip and wings at 800-400. The treatment 0-400 increased the thigh; the breast was not affected statistically, but 400-0 had the highest valué (35.82 %). The dissected of pieces was altered by the levels of AO (p < 0.05), mainly lean leg (11.53 %; 400-400), thigh (9.45 %; 800-800), hip (4.12 %; 800-0), back (3.1 %; 800-400) and wings (5.04 %; 800-800). The results suggest that AO can be used in fed for broilers due it improves the characteristics of the carcass.

El aceite de orégano mexicano (AO; Lippia berlandieri Schauer) es un extracto de origen natural. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto sobre las características de la canal y la carne de pollos alimentados con dietas adicionadas con AO. Se utilizaron 162 pollos de 1 d de edad (Ross), alojados en jaulas (30 x 33 x 44 cm) con dos pollos cada una (nueve jaulas por tratamiento), distribuidos aleatoriamente en un arreglo factorial 3² de tratamientos; AOC, aceite de orégano basado en Carvacrol (60.0 %), y AOT, aceite de orégano basado en Timol (40.0 %). Ambos AO se probaron en niveles de 0, 400 y 800 mg L-1. El tratamiento 800-0 incrementó (p < 0.05) el peso vivo (2.25 kg), 800-800 el rendimiento de la canal caliente y fría, mientras que el contenido de visceras disminuyó (p < 0.05); pierna y espalda fueron mayores (p < 0.05) en 400-400, cadera y alas en 800-400. El tratamiento 0-400 aumentó el muslo; la pechuga no fue afectada estadísticamente, pero 400-0 tuvo el valor más alto (35.82 %). El diseccionado de las piezas fue alterado por los niveles de AO (p < 0.05), principalmente el magro de pierna (11.53 %; 400-400), muslo (9.45 %; 800-800), cadera (4.12 %; 800-0), espalda (3.1 %; 800-400) y alas (5.04 %; 800-800). Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que el AO puede usarse en la alimentación de pollos de engorda debido a que mejora las características de la canal.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different concentrations of inulin and pectin as fat substitutes on the chemical composition, texture, and sensory acceptance of frankfurter sausages. Six treatments were evaluated to test fat replacement: control (T0); low fat control (T1); low fat with 15% inulin (T2); low fat with 30% inulin (T3); low fat with 7.5% inulin and 7.5% pectin (T4); and low fat with 15% inulin and 15% pectin (T5). The addition of fibers increased the yield (T3 and T5; 98.96%), and the color parameters were slightly reduced (T3). Moisture (61.14%) and ashes (6.96%) of sausages with inulin and pectin were higher (T5), while shear force, hardness, fracturability, gumminess, and chewiness (T3 and T5) were slightly lower than those of the control. The addition of inulin (T2) increased the sensory acceptance of the sausages (5.75). Fat can be replaced with inulin and pectin in frankfurter sausages to produce healthy and functional products.